Contents Macmillan Books for Teachersv Introduction to Sound Foundationsvii Ideas behind the phonemic chartviii Key to phonemic symbolsxii Part 1 Discovery toolkit Level 1Sounds in isolation2 1Introduction2 2Vowels: monophthongs5 3Vowels: diphthongs22 4Consonants29 Level 2 Words in isolation48 1Introduction48 2Joining individual phonemes to make words49 3Stress in words51 4Unstress in words53 5Primary and secondary stress54 6Where do you put the stress in words?55 7Intonation and word stress57 Level 3 Connected speech58 1Introduction58 2Overview58 3Sounds and simplifications in connected speech60 4Rhythm in connected speech69 5Intonation74 Part 2 Classroom toolkit Level 1 Sounds in isolation96 1General applications of the chart96 2Using the pointer98 3Introducing and integrating the chart99 4Seven modes of chart usage100 5A first lesson with the chart107 6Four ways of giving models110 7Developing your internal imaging of sounds114 8Developing your use of mime and gesture115 9Working with individual sounds118 10 Working with mistakes132Level 2Words in isolation145 1Establishing the sound flow145 2Working with the spelling – pronunciation link146 3Word stress: working with words of two or more syllables151 4Word stress and Cuisenaire rods154 5Finger correction160 6Integrating the learner’s dictionary with pronunciation work166 7Lip reading, ventriloquism, pronunciation and vocabulary169 Level3Connected speech171 1Overview171 2Simplification and reduction of sounds in connected speech173 3Stress, prominence and rhythm in connected speech176 4Intonation194 5Some integrative activities and suggestions202 Appendix 1 Further thoughts on using the cassette player, blackboard, and pointer205 Appendix 2 Phonemic charts for other languages207 Further reading208 Index209

Sound Foundations is an ideal introduction to the English phonological system and an invaluable resource, whether you teach pronunciation courses or you would simply like to improve the quality of your work on pronunciation as it comes up in the classroom. An Audio CD provides pronunication activities with intructions from the author.